H3u—Hazmat Employee Course—Ocean Cargo Transportation Intermediary
H3u—Hazmat Employee Course—Ocean Cargo Transportation Intermediary
Non-subscriber price: $395.00, Subscriber price: $335.00
Estimated total study time: 44 hours 19 minutes
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This course will teach you:
- What ocean forwarders and other transportation intermediaries must know and do when shipping dangerous goods via ocean vessel and connecting intermodal transportation that has already been packaged and documented by the shipper.
- The organization of and information contained in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, and how to apply it to particular commodities and shipping circumstances. Important: This course is based on the IMDG Code, 2008 Edition (effective January 1, 2008, and mandatory January 1, 2009), which you will need access to in order to complete course exercises.
- How the IMDG Code relates to U.S. Hazardous Materials Regulations ("HMR" 49 CFR).
- Operational steps U.S. intermediaries should follow when handling dangerous goods.
This course meets the required U.S. DOT initial and recurrent hazmat employee training requirements for intermediaries handling ocean and intermodal cargo in the United States.
Introduction - Dangerous Goods are Dangerous!
Dangerous goods are part of our everyday life -- at work, in our home and many places we visit. This lesson will increase your awareness of what must be handled as dangerous goods when shipped commercially.
(Estimated study time: 54 minutes)
- Introduction
- Dangerous Goods Incidents Occur Daily, Many through Human Negligence
- Accidents Happen!
- Dangerous Goods Accident Statistics
- Dangerous Goods Incident Statistics
- Really Bad Things Do Happen with Dangerous Goods
- ValuJet Crash
- Container Ship Fires
- Zim Montreal - Long Beach -1981
- Sea Elegance - Durban - October 2003
- Railcar Spills Herbicide into River
- Trucks Involved in Dangerous Goods Accidents
- U.S. Measures
Recognizing Dangerous Goods
Dangerous goods are part of our everyday life—at work, in our home and many places we visit. This lesson will help you recognize what must be handled as dangerous goods when commercially transported.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 42 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Dangerous Goods Awareness; Identifying Cargo that May Contain DG
- "Hidden" (Undocumented) and Improperly Prepared Dangerous Goods
- Dangerous Goods Security
- "Common Sense" Important, but Not Enough
- Cargo Descriptions that Suggest Possible Undocumented Dangerous Goods
- Batteries and Battery-Powered Equipment
- Infectious Substances and Diagnostic Specimens
- Go-To Person for Help in Determining Possible Hidden Dangerous Goods
U.S. DOT Rules (the "HMR") and the International Rules
This lesson introduces the U.S. domestic DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations and the international rules (the IMDG Code and ICAO/IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations) under which dangerous goods are shipped.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 49 minutes)
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Dangerous Goods Law & Regulations
- U.S. DOT Regulations
- General
- DOT Rules of Particular Importance to Shippers
- 49 CFR 171-173
- Dangerous Goods Arriving from Canada
- Shipper/Carrier Registration with DOT
- Hazmat Security Plan
- "Hazmat Employee" Training
- DOT Enforcement and Sanctions
- General
- Civil Penalties
- Criminal Prosecution
- The IMDG Code (Vessel Shipment for Dangerous Goods)
- ICAO Dangerous Goods Regulations (Air Shipment of Dangerous Goods)
- European ADR (Road), RID (Rail) and ADN (inland waterway) Dangerous Goods Regulations
- Which Regulations Apply to Multimodal Transportation?
Dangerous Goods Packaging & Labeling; Special Requirements
This lesson introduces international standards and requirements for the packaging and labeling of dangerous goods, and addresses special shipping requirements for vehicles, battery powered equipment and diagnostic specimens.
(Estimated study time: 2 hours 23 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- Hazard Communication on Dangerous Goods Packaging
- Responsibility
- U.S. OSHA Workplace Hazard Communication ("Right to Know")
- Dangerous Goods Packaging
- Dangerous Goods Packaging Objectives
- U.S. HMR Packaging Requirements
- General
- Certification of DG Packaging in U.S.
- Packaging Standards
- International Standards
- National Competent Authority Packaging Requirements
- Package Marking & Certification by Manufacturer or Shipper
- Hazard Communication on Dangerous Goods Packaging
- Hazard Labels
- Subsidiary Hazard Label
- U.S. Hazard Label Requirements
- Handling Labels
- Warning Labels for Pollutants and Waste Products
- Shipping Requirements for Infectious Substances
- General—Known or Suspected Infectious Substances
- Diagnostic and Clinical Specimens
- Packaging of Infectious Substances
- Known or Suspected Infectious Substances
- Diagnostic and Clinical Specimens
- Documentation of Infectious Substances
- Dangerous Goods Awareness; Identifying Cargo that May Contain DG
- Batteries and Battery-Powered Equipment
Marking of Dangerous Goods Packages
This lesson covers required markings (information about the shipment and packaging) which must placed on each package and overpack containing dangerous goods.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 26 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- Hazard Communication on Dangerous Goods Packaging
- Information the Shipper Must Place on Each Dangerous Goods Package
- Package Manufacturer's Marking
- Carrier Lot Labels; Other Labels and Marking
- Affixing Labels and Markings
- Packaging for "Limited Quantities"
- Transportation of Sample Materials
- Overpack Containing Dangerous Goods
Shipper's Declaration and Certification
This lesson covers the shipper's responsibility to document a dangerous goods shipment and certify that the information provided is true.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 17 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- Shipper Documentation
- Shipper's Declaration
- General Requirements
- Specific Shipper's Declaration Information Requirements
- Shipper's Declaration Information Requirements (U.S.)
- Shipper's Certification
- Shipper's Certification (U.S.)
- Dangerous Goods Shipping Requirements—Ocean Cargo & Connecting Surface Transportation
- Shipper's Declaration and Shipper's Certification
DG Information Required by Transportation Carrier(s)
This lesson addresses required information that must be provided to transportation carrier(s) at the time of cargo booking, and on all transportation documents (ocean B/L, truck/rail waybill) when shipping dangerous goods.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 16 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- Dangerous Goods Information Required by Transportation Carrier(s)
- General
- Cargo Booking
- Why Advanced Booking of Dangerous Goods Is Important
- Information to Provide When Booking Dangerous Goods
- Documentation Variation by Transportation Mode
- Truck/Rail (Shipper-Prepared Transport Document)
- Ocean/Intermodal (Ocean Carrier Issued Bill of Lading)
- Air Freight
- Documentation Variation by Transportation Mode (U.S.)
- Transport Document Preparation for "Limited Quantities"
- Air Waybill Preparation for "Excepted Quantities"
Hazard Communication Under All DG Rules
This lesson introduces the universal system under which dangerous goods are classified according to their chemical and physical properties and level of danger.
(Estimated study time: 2 hours 59 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- What Makes a Shipment Subject to "Dangerous Goods" Regulations?
- Dangerous Goods Defined
- Identification of Dangerous Goods
- Determining "Applicable" Dangerous Goods Regulations
- Dangerous Goods Hazard Communication (Information & Notification Requirements)
- General
- Dangerous Goods Documentation
- Information on Dangerous Goods Packaging
- Placards on Conveyances
- Additional "Good Practice" Dangerous Goods Communications
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- International Standards for Communicating Types of Hazard and Degree of Danger of Regulated Materials
- Identifying the Correct U.N. number
- The Dangerous Goods List Index and N.O.S. Descriptions
- Suspicious Your Product is Regulated, But Can't Find It in the Dangerous Goods List?
- Information Available by UN Number Line Item
- Classification by Hazard (Hazard Class, Division)
- Additional U.S.-Only Hazard Class: Other Regulated Materials ("ORM")
- Classification by Degree of Danger (Packing Group)
U.S. (DOT) Requirements for Registration & "Hazmat Employee" Training
This lesson addresses U.S. DOT requirements for:
registration with the DOT by parties that offer for transportation, or transport, certain types and/or quantities of dangerous goods, and, employer training and certification of employees who have responsibilities for the preparation of dangerous goods for shipment, loading and other pre-transportation handling thereof, and carrier transportation functions.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 51 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- U.S. DOT Dangerous Goods Operational Requirements & Responsibilities
- DOT Registration Required of Certain Hazmat Offerors and Transportation Carriers
- Employee Knowledge & Training in Dangerous Goods
- U.S. DOT Requirements
- OSHA Safety Training Requirements
- DOT "Hazmat Employee" Training, Testing, Certification and Record Keeping
- General "Hazmat Employee" Requirements
- Responsibility for Employee Training and Certification
- Responsibilities/Tasks for Which Hazmat Certification is Required
- Required Hazmat Employee Training Topics
- Hazmat Employee Training Timelines
- Hazmat Employee Record-Keeping & Certification
U.S. HAZMAT Operational Responsibilities; Placarding
This lesson covers several additional U.S. HAZMAT shipping responsibilities, including the concept of "offeror", diligence in hiring service providers, use of MSDS, Emergency Response Telephone Number/Information, and truck/container placarding requirements.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 5 minutes)
- Introduction
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- Hiring Carriers, Packers, Others to Handle Dangerous Goods
- Acting as a Dangerous Goods (HAZMAT) "Offeror"
- U.S. DOT Dangerous Goods Operational Requirements & Responsibilities
- Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
- Emergency Response Telephone Number/Information
- Knowledge Needed by All Who Work with Dangerous Goods
- Vehicle/Container Placarding & Stowage Rules
- Placarding
- Placarding Requirement—General
- Responsibility to Provide and Affix Placards to Trucks
- Placarding of Intermodal Containers
- U.S. Placarding Requirements
Introduction to IMDG Code
This lesson introduces the International Maritime Dangerous Goods ("IMDG") Code. You will learn about the content and objectives of the IMDG Code, changes that have occurred in the 31st Amendment, and the conditions and limitations of the use of the IMDG Code in the United States.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 33 minutes)
- Introduction
- ShipMate Hazardous Shipping Library
- Transport of Dangerous Goods by Ocean
- Introduction to the Transport of Dangerous Goods
- Introduction
- What is the IMDG Code?
- History of the IMDG Code
- Amendment 31-02
- Use of the IMDG Code in the United States
- Conditions and Limitations
- IMDG Code Construction
IMDG Code Construction - Volume 1
This lesson introduces you to the construction of the IMDG Code. You will learn about the information available in Volume 1 of the two volume set.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 28 minutes)
- Introduction
- Volume I
- Part 1
- Part 2
- Part 3
- Part 4
- Part 5
- Part 6
- Part 7
IMDG Code Construction - Volume 2
This lesson introduces you to the construction of the IMDG Code. You will learn about the information available in Volume 2 of the two volume set.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 15 minutes)
- Introduction
- Volume 2 Contents
- Limited Quantities
- Radioactive Materials
- DGL Organization
Dangerous Goods List (DGL) Column Information
In this lesson we begin study of the Dangerous Goods List on a column-by-column basis to learn what each column tells us about the dangerous substance or product to be shipped.
(Estimated study time: 52 minutes)
- Introduction
- Column 1—UN Number
- Column 2—Proper Shipping Name (PSN)
- Column 3—Class or Division
- Column 4—Subsidiary Risk(s)
- Column 5—Packing Group
- Column 6—Special Provisions
- Column 7—Limited Quantities
Dangerous Goods List (DGL) Column Information, cont.
In this lesson we complete a column-by-column examination of the information found in the Dangerous Goods List, Columns 8 through 18.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 13 minutes)
- Introduction
- Column 8—Packing Instructions
- Column 9—Special Packing Provisions
- Column 10—IBC Packing Instructions
- Column 11—IBC Special Provisions
- Column 12—IMO Tank Instructions
- Column 13—UN Tank Instructions
- Column 14—Tank Special Provisions
- Column 15—EmS Nunber
- Column 16—Stowage and Segregation
- Column 17—Properties and Observations
- Column 18—UN Number
Appendices and Supplement; Physical & Chemical Properties Which Are Dangerous
In this lesson we complete our coverage of the IMDG Code Information, and take up the underlying issue of what makes certain substances and products dangerous while being commercially shipped---their chemical and physical properties.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 54 minutes)
- Introduction
- Appendix A
- Appendix B
- Index
- Supplement
- Accidents Drive Dangerous Goods Regulation
- Accidents Happen!
- Texas City—1947
- Bhopal, India—1984
- How/Why Certain Materials Are Classified as Dangerous
- Physical and Chemical Properties
- Hazard Classification Based on Physical and Chemical Properties
International Hazard Classes 1-4
This lesson addresses the physical and chemical properties of Hazard Classes 1 through 4, and the types of materials included within, and the breakout of hazard Divisions within Class 1.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 45 minutes)
- Introduction
- Why Hazard Classes?
- Class 1 – Explosives
- What Are Explosives?
- Class 1 Divisions
- Class 1 Compatibility Groups
- Class 2 – Gases
- What does Class 2 Include?
- Class 2 Divisions
- Class 3 – Flammable Liquids
- Class 4 – Flammable Solids, Spontaneously Combustible Materials and Materials that are Dangerous When Wet
International Hazard Classes 5 - 9, Marine Pollutants
This lesson explains the physical and chemical properties of Hazard Classes 5 through 9, including hazard divisions within some of these classes, and marine pollutants.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 11 minutes)
- Introduction
- Class 5 – Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides
- Class 6 – Toxic Materials and Infectious Substances
- Class 7 – Radioactive Materials
- Class 8 – Corrosive Materials
- Class 9 – Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances & Articles and Environmentally Hazardous Substances
- Packing Groups
Solutions, Mixtures, NOS, and Substances Having Multiple Hazards
This lesson addresses
- how to classify and describe solutions and mixtures for which the component chemicals may be separately classifiable,
- proper shipping names which contain the qualification "NOS" AND
- substances having multiple hazards
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 30 minutes)
- Introduction
- Solutions and Mixtures
- Not Otherwise Specified (N.O.S.)
- Substances Having Multiple Hazards
Hazard Communication (HAZCOM) - Part 1
This lesson reviews and expands coverage of package marking and labeling according to the applicable IMDG Code sections.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 26 minutes)
- Introduction
- Hazard Communication Introduction
- General Packing Marking & Labeling Requirements
- Marks
- Labels
- Primary Risk Labels
- Subsidiary Risk Labels
- Special Handling Marks and Labels
- Marine Pollutant Mark
- Orientation Arrows
- Elevated Temperature Mark
- Cryogenic Mark
- Fumigation Warning Sign
- Limited Quantity Marks
- Product Labels
- General
- When In Doubt? MSDS
- Special Packing Marks
- DOT Specification Packaging Marks
- Reportable Quantity
Hazard Communication (HAZCOM) - Part 2
This lesson addresses IMDG Code marking and labeling requirements for overpacks, unit loads, intermediate bulk containers, portable tanks and freight containers containing dangerous goods. Also reviewed are limited quantity provisions when shipping by vessel, and vehicle placarding requirements.
(Estimated study time: 2 hours 9 minutes)
- Introduction
- Package Markings
- Non-Bulk Packagings
- Overpacks
- Unit Loads
- Intermediate Bulk Containers & Bulk Packagings
- Portable Tanks & Road Tank Vehicles
- Limited Quantities
- Consumer Commodities
- Placards
- Cargo Transport Unit Markings
Packing and Packaging Requirements
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 48 minutes)
- Introduction
- Packing and Packaging
- Forces at Sea
- UN Performance Oriented Packing
- DOT Specification Packagings
- Packing & Packaging
- Unit Loads
- Containerization
- Accessibility
- Container Preparation
- Blocking & Bracing
Dangerous Goods Documentation — Part 1
In this lesson we take up shipper documentation requirements for the shipment of dangerous goods as required under the IMDG Code, and U.S. DOT rules relating to "shipping papers."
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 34 minutes)
- Introduction
- General Requirement
- Meaning of "Shipping Paper"
- Information Required on "Shipping Paper" for All DG Shipments
- Additional Descriptive Information on Shipping Papers
- General
- DOT Exemption, Competent Authority Approval or Registration Numbers
- LTD QTY or LIMITED QUANTITY
- RQ – Reportable Quantity for Hazardous Substances
- Radioactive Materials Information
- Dangerous Goods Tendered for Transportation in an Intermodal Container
- Empty Packaging
- Air Eligibility; Cargo Aircraft Only
- Placards Required for Transport
- Cargo Tanks of LPG & Anhydrous Ammonia
- Quantity, Types & Kinds of Packages
- Dangerous When Wet
- Technical or Chemical Names for N.O.S. Entries
- Marine Pollutant
- Toxic or Toxic-Inhalation Hazard
- Elevated Temperature Materials
- Control & Emergency Temperatures (SADT) for Certain 4.1 & 5.2 Substances
Dangerous Goods Documentation — Part 2
In this lesson we cover documentation the shipper or transportation carrier must prepare under certain circumstances based on the circumstances of shipment or type of dangerous goods or hazardous waste being being shipped.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 10 minutes)
- Introduction
- Vehicle/Container Packing Certificate (CPC)
- Visual Container Inspection Required Before Loading Dangerous Goods
- CPC Responsibility and Information Requirements
- Additional NVOCC Concern When Preparing a CPC
- Dangerous Goods Manifest
- Hazardous Waste Manifests
- Emergency Response Information
Stowage and Segregation of Dangerous Goods
This lesson provides awareness-level information about dangerous goods stowage and cargo segregation requirements on board a vessel, a subset of which applies to the loading of dangerous goods within an intermodal container by a shipper or NVO.
(Estimated study time: 2 hours 3 minutes)
- Introduction
- General Stowage Requirements
- Stowage in Relation to Foodstuffs
- Stowage and Handling of Goods of Class 1
- General Stowage Provisions in the IMDG Code
- Segregation Categories
- Segregation Groups
- General Segregation Requirements
- Ocean Segregation Table
- Away From
- Separated From
- Segregation Within Cargo Transport Units (Intermodal Containers)
- Segregation of Cargo Transport Units on Board Containerships
Stow Plan Summary; HAZMAT Emergency Procedures
(Estimated study time: 36 minutes)
- Introduction
- Stow Plans
- Definition of Container Segregation Terms
- Emergency Response Procedures
- Basic Guidelines
- Small Spills
- Large Spills
- Reporting Procedures
Hazmat Transportation Security Awareness
This is the first of two lessons covering HAZMAT security awareness, a subject for which the DOT requires employee training for employer certification of a "hazmat employee."
(Estimated study time: 12 minutes)
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- Dangerous Goods are DANGEROUS!
- Terrorists and Dangerous Goods
- Supply Chain Security & Cargo Risk Management
- Cargo and Supply Chain Security
- Traditional Supply Chain Risks vs. Terrorist Threats
- Terrorism Depends on Availability of Transportation
- Terrorists Depend upon Logistics
- Preventing Terrorist Use of Commercial Transportation
Hazmat Security Awareness, cont.
This lesson addresses the difference between TSA and DOT HAZMAT security objectives, security training requirements, hazmat security plans and what shippers and transportation intermediaries can do to identify security vulnerabilities and appropriate counter-measures.
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 25 minutes)
- Supply Chain Security & Cargo Risk Management
- U.S. Cargo and Supply Chain Programs and Requirements
- Transportation Security Administration (TSA)—Responsibilities, Operations and Requirements
- TSA History
- TSA Mission and Responsibilities
- TSA Programs
- Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC)
- Air Carrier Cargo Security Programs
- Indirect Air Carrier (IAC) Security Requirements
- Cargo Loss Prevention and Supply Chain Security for Managers; Security Plan Development & Implementation
- Available Cargo and Inventory Security Checklists and Programs
- Checklists in General
- TAPA Minimum Security Requirements
- The Paramount Security Concern
- Personnel Security Measures
- Care in Hiring—Problem "Flags"
- Effective Selection Process
- Selection Goals
- Job Listing/Description
- Employment Application
- Skill Knowledge Evaluation
- Probing Interview
- Verification of Information / Background Check
- Follow-up Interview(s)
- Selection and Employment Offer
- Employee Training
- Proactive Supervision
- Cargo Transportation
- Commercial Transportation of Dangerous Goods
- U.S. HAZMAT Transportation Security Requirements
- HMR Security Requirements
- Security Awareness
- DOT Security Awareness Training Requirement
- Particular Security Concerns as a Hazmat Offeror or Carrier
- General
- HAZMAT Security Plan Required for Shipments of Interest to Terrorists
- U.S. Hazardous Materials Security Plans—General
- Key Security Goals for Transportation of Hazmat
- Dangerous Goods Checklists
- Checklists Help Identify Security Vulnerabilities
- DOT Checklists
- Creating Operational Checklists
- Trucker Legal Requirements to Carry Hazmat
Security Plans That Cover All the Bases; How To Respond to Security Breaches and Threats
This lesson identifies specific issues a transportation security plan should address in terms of threats and counter-measures, and what you should do when you witness a security breach or perceive an security threat.
(Estimated study time: 13 minutes)
- Supply Chain Security & Cargo Risk Management
- Cargo and Supply Chain Security
- How to Recognize and Respond to Security Breaches and Possible Threats
- Everyone's Responsibility
- Recognizing and Reporting a Suspicious Person, Activity or Shipment
- People Who May Be a Security Concern
- Cargo and Situations that May Be a Security Concern
- Responding to a Possible Security Threat
Review of Shipper Responsibilities for Dangerous Goods Shipped Via Ocean Vessel
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 1 minute)
- DOT Authorization for Use of the IMDG Code
- General
- IMDG Code Authorized for Inland Movement of Ocean Cargo
- Shipper Responsibilities for Dangerous Goods Cargo Shipped by Vessel
- Shipper's Declaration and Shipper's Certification
- Dangerous Goods Vehicle/Container Loading Responsibilities
- General
- Hazardous Material Employees
- Cargo Segregation
- Dangerous Goods Stowage Requirements Vary by Transport Mode
- Placards
- Vehicle/Container Packing Certificate
- Visual Container Inspection Required Before Loading Dangerous Goods
- CPC Responsibility and Information Requirements
- Loading Supervision by Fire Marshal
Ocean Forwarder/NVO Responsibilities and Key "Steps" for Handling HAZMAT
(Estimated study time: 1 hour 19 minutes)
- Introduction
- Ocean Forwarders, NVOs and Other Intermediaries as DG Offerors
- Ocean Forwarder/OTI Handling Steps with Respect to Dangerous Goods
- Step 1—Check Shipment for Dangerous Goods
- Step 2—Reject/Hold Improperly Declared or Packaged Dangerous Goods
- Step 3—Scrutinize Dangerous Goods Documentation
- Step 4—Scrutinize Dangerous Goods Packaging, Marking, Labeling
- Step 5—Proceed ONLY if Dangerous Goods are Properly Prepared/Documented
- Step 6—Proceed Safely when Packing Dangerous Goods into an Intermodal Container
- Step 7—Assure Compliance with ALL Requirements, including Transit and Destination Country
- Step 8—Book Cargo
- Step 9—Prepare Bill of Lading Instructions
- Step 10—Arrange Inland/Connecting Transportation
- Summary—Key Ocean Forwarder DOs and DON'Ts